The Definitive Wireless
E 9-1-1 Reference Guide - 2004


Published: Mind Commerce, August 2004
259 Pages

Author: David H. Williams

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Introduction

At this publishing, well over 150,000 wireless emergency 911 (E-911) calls a day are made by mobile cellular phone users according to CTIA - that number will continue to grow rapidly as the number of cellular subscribers increases, as consumers discontinue their landline service exclusively in favor of the mobile phone, and in general the mobile phone becomes an integral part of most American’s everyday life. This has enormous implications with respect to the design of our public safety system and overall how we approach homeland security, and how federal, state, and local officials develop and implement policy and allocate funds. Wall Street needs to understand how wireless 911 will be deployed, who the players are, and how allocated funds will flow and be utilized. For businesses, large and small, the increasing importance of wireless communications in many aspects of business infrastructure and everyday operations requires their leaders to take an active role in understanding the technologies are evolving. E911 infrastructure being put in place has enormous potential to provide businesses new and exciting opportunities to improve their operations and develop new businesses.

Report Summary

Written by highly acclaimed location technology, applications and services expert, David Williams, this research simply has no peer. This report provides key wireless 911 stakeholders, including state, local, and federal public safety officers, seasoned wireless executives, technology-savvy business executives, investment firms, and the educated consumer, a guide to understand the past, present, and future of wireless 911, also call Enhanced 911 or more often E-911. The report is distinguished from others because it addresses every key dimension of wireless E-911, from technologies, to regulatory issues, to business implications, to privacy implications, and much more. It covers these aspects at both the strategic level and a detailed, tactical level, providing the reader with useable information to set specific direction for his or her area(s) of responsibility.

While this research will be valuable to many in the wireless industry, this report will be of particular interest to:
  • Suppliers of public safety wireless systems, positioning systems (GPS, A-GPS, E-OTD, TDOA, TOA, AOA, AFLT), and location-based services (LBS) applications and services
  • Companies concerned with network and systems integration between wireless carriers, public safety answer points (PSAP), and other public safety systems
  • Providers of Geographic Information Systems (GIS), GIS map data, and related information for mobile location services (MLS)
  • Mobile network operators and wireless service providers such as resellers, agents, and mobile virtual network operators (MVNO)
  • Companies involved with next generation networks and concerned with the implementation and operation of E-911 over VoIP networks
  • Companies, agencies and government entities concerned with public safety, homeland security, and law enforcement
  • Companies, agencies and government entities outside the United States that want to learn from the US wireless 911 experiences. This will be of particular value to European interests in enhancing wireless 112 emergency calling services

Benefits of this Research

Carriers and Service Providers

  • Regulatory and legal affairs department will find this independent assessment of regulatory issues and carrier compliance invaluable
  • Engineering and planning departments will find this report extremely helpful to bring those less experienced and/or knowledgeable about wireless E-911, positioning, and LBS up-to-speed quickly regarding technology, business, and regulatory issues

LBS Suppliers

  • LBS application and positioning suppliers will find this independent assessment of the market very useful as they seek to develop new revenue streams based on the proliferation and increased used of LBS infrastructure
  • This research will help non-US companies and organizations learn what has worked well and what has not, technical challenges, regulatory challenges, and more.  As other parts of the world develop their own wireless emergency calling and response capabilities, they can learn from the American mistakes rather than risk repeating them

Government and Public Safety Organizations

  • Governmental organizations such the E-911 Congressional Caucus, the Department of Homeland Security, the Department of Transportation, (etc.) will find this independent assessment of the past, present and future of wireless emergency calling
  • Public safety organizations such as APCO and NENA will find this to truly be the Definitive Guide to Wireless E-911, providing their less senior and experienced members
  • This research will help non-US governments and public safety organizations learn what has worked well and what has not, technical challenges, regulatory challenges, and more.  As other parts of the world develop their own wireless emergency calling and response procedures and public policies, they can learn from the American mistakes rather than risk repeating them

Table of Contents
I. Introduction and Executive Summary
A. Overall Purpose
B. Why E911 Is Important To:
• Federal, State, and Local Government Legislators
• Agency/Department Executives, Including Homeland Security
• State and County Public Safety and Communications Executives, and Community Leadership
• Public Safety Answering Point (PSAP) and Fire/Police/Ambulatory Professionals
• Wireless Carrier Business and Technology Executives
• Businesses
• Vendors and Consultants
• Consumer Privacy Advocates
• Educated Consumers
C. Key Facts

II. Major Definitions and Distinctions
A. Wireline 911
B. Wireless 911/Enhanced 911
1. The (Original) FCC E911 Mandate
2. The Phases
3. Modifications and Waivers
III. E911 Infrastructure
A. Location Positioning Determination Technologies
1. Handset-Based Solutions
2. Network-Based Solutions
3. Comparing Handset-Based vs. Network-Based Location Strategies and Technologies
4. What Ever Happened to E-OTD?
a. Issues
b. E-OTD vs. TDOA
B. Location Data Processing Technologies
1. Overview
2. Key Components
3. Location Data Processing Architectures
a. Wireline Basic 911
b. Wireline Enhanced 911
c. Wireless Phase 0
d. Wireless Phase I
e. Wireless Phase II
f. On-Site PSAP Technologies
i. Baseline PSAP Technology
ii. Wireless Upgrade Requirements
iii. Geographical Information Systems (GIS) Software
IV. What Are The Implementation Issues for PSAPs?
A. The Implementation Steps
1. Phase I
2. Phase II
B. Public Perception/Education/Media
C. Funding and Cost Recovery
D. Complexity-Adding Issues
1. Wireless Number Portability
2. Uninitialized Phones
3. Donated Phone Programs
4. Accidental Dialing
E. Interoperability
1. Overview
2. Homeland Security
F. Voice Over IP and 911
1. Overview
2. Workarounds
3. Long-Term Solutions
G. Accuracy and Accuracy Testing Issues
1. Accuracy Mandate
2. Urban vs. Suburban vs. Rural
3. How Testing Is Done
V. What Are The Implementation Issues for Carriers?
A. Carrier E911 (and LBS) Organizations
B. Carrier E911 Processes
C. Local Exchange Carrier-Related Issues
D. Funding and Cost Recovery
E. Individual Carrier Waivers, Status and Issues
1. AT&T Wireless
2. Cingular
3. AT&T Wireless/Cingular E911 Integration Issues
4. Nextel
5. Sprint PCS
6. T-Mobile
7. Verizon Wireless
F. Regional/Rural Carriers

VI.What are The Implementation Issues for Vendors and Their Investors?
A. E911 Vendor Value Chain
B. Key Vendors
1. Intrado
2. TCS
3. TruePosition
4. Andrew Corporation (Grayson)
5. Global Locate
6. GIS Vendors
VII. Key Non-Technical Issues and Implications
A. Federal Regulation
1. Government Coordination and Recent Legislation
a. HR 2898
b. Senate 1250
2. Tradeoffs and Recommendations
B. Privacy Issues and Potential Resolutions
1. Overview
2. Conceptual Alternatives
3. Practical Frameworks
VIII. A State E911 Profile (Texas)
A. PSAP Overview
B. Regulatory Oversight
C. Funding
D. Phase I and II Implementation Status
E. State-Specific Obstacles

IX. How Can E911 Technology Be Commercialized (e.g. Location-Based Services), and Why Hasn’t It Arrived Yet?
A. Historical Issues and Obstacles
B. Attractive Applications
1. Critical Success Factors
2. Business Case Development
3. High Potential Applications
X. The Future: The Impact of E911 on:
A. U.S. Public Policy
B. Emerging Businesses
C. Business Processes
D. Investment Choices
E. Consumer Rights and Privacy

About the Author

Appendix - E911 Glossary


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About the Author

David H. Williams

David Hilliard Williams is an internationally-known expert in the wireless/mobile communications field.  His particular specialty is in Wireless Location, including Wireless 911 (E911), Location-Based Services, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), and location-related Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi).  He has developed industry-leading business and technology strategies and implementation approaches in these areas and provides consulting services to some of the leading enterprises in the U.S., South America, and Europe.  Mr. Williams is a member of the Association of Public Safety Communications Officers (APCO) and the National Emergency Number Association (NENA).

Mr. Williams has over 16 years of consulting experience working at the most senior executive levels.  Prior to founding E911-LBS Consulting, Mr. Williams was an Associate Partner with Accenture, the world's largest technology consulting firm, and served as Practice Director for inCode Wireless.  He has also worked for Booz, Allen, & Hamilton and Deloitte Consulting.  He started his career as an electrical engineer for Hughes Electronics.

Mr. Williams has an MBA in Information Systems Management from The University of Texas at Austin, and a Bachelor of Science in Electrical Engineering from Purdue University.   

He is married with four children, and resides in Wilton, Connecticut. 

David is available to answer questions and offer related consulting and training as well as independent and customized research.
David@MindCommerce.com

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